In January 1660, the young Louis XIV, as part of an impressive tour orchestrated by Cardinal Mazarin, made a significant stop in the city of Montpellier. Accompanied by his imposing entourage of 15,000 people, the Sun King retreated to this picturesque Languedoc setting in the depths of winter. This historical event, though little known, left an indelible mark on the city, both through the splendor of the royal welcome and the commemorative coins minted for the occasion. Let’s explore together the details of this historic night that forever marked Montpellier’s history.
The Historical Context of Louis XIV’s Journey
Long before his majestic statue would grace the Esplanade du Peyrou, Louis XIV undertook, under the tutelage of Cardinal Mazarin, a journey of discovery through the south of France. In January 1660, the young king and his sumptuous entourage stopped in Montpellier after passing through Béziers. This journey, comprising 95 stages and covering 3,200 kilometers, was intended to lead the king to Saint-Jean-de-Luz to marry Marie-Thérèse of Austria, a marriage of great diplomatic importance that would end the war between France and Spain.
Montpellier: A Royal Welcome, Icy but Warm
On January 5, 1660, despite the bitter cold that reigned in Montpellier, the city offered a most prestigious welcome to Louis XIV and his entourage. The royal family, including Anne of Austria, Monsieur d’Anjou, and La Grande Mademoiselle, was received by the Comte du Roure, then Lieutenant General of Languedoc. The finest private mansions were requisitioned to house the royal guests in the comfort befitting their rank.
The Royal Lodgings
Anne of Austria stayed at the residence of Mr. de Castries, while Mademoiselle d’Orléans lodged at the Hôtel d’Audessan. Cardinal Mazarin chose to reside at the Hôtel de Solas. As for Louis XIV, he was received in the finest house in Montpellier, belonging to Mr. de Robin. Although this building no longer exists, it now occupies the site of the Place de la Comédie, near the Café Riche.
Eternal Marks: Commemorative Coins
To commemorate this royal visit, coins were minted in Montpellier. Numismatists now eagerly seek these pieces, notably a silver twelfth of an écu and a gold Louis. These coins remain precious testimonies of this exceptional event that marked the history of Montpellier.